Health and Safety, Part 1: The Flu

Today we will watch a video about how the flu vaccine is made.

Phrasal Verbs

Hello, students!

This week we played a game with phrasal verbs.

Do you want to take a quiz? Some of these we studied, some we did not.

This is another quiz.

Hallowe'en

Hello, students!

Click HERE to watch a 3-minute video about the history of Hallowe'en. Below is the transcript. Some students want to paste it into Google translator.

Here is a lesson about Halloween. What do you know about Halloween?

Do you have children or perhaps grandchildren?

Will you take your children trick or treating this year? Will you carve a pumpkin?

Click HERE if you would like to practice spelling some Halloween words.

Transcript of video:

From communion with the dead to pumpkins and pranks, Halloween is a patchwork holiday stitched together with cultural, religious and occult traditions that span centuries.

It all began with the Celts, a people whose culture had spread across Europe more than 2000 years ago.  October 31 was the day they celebrated the end of the harvest season in a festival  called Samhain. That night also marked the Celtic new year and was considered a time between years—a magical time when the ghosts of the dead walked the earth.

Expert: It was a time when the veil between death and life was supposed to be at its thinnest.

On Samhain, the villagers gathered and lit huge bonfires to drive the dead back to the spirit world and keep them away from the living. But as the Catholic church’s influence grew in Europe, it frowned on the Pagan rituals like Samhain.

In the 7^th century, the Vatican began to merge it with a church-sanctioned holiday. So November 1^st was designated All Saints Day to honour martyrs and the deceased faithful.

Expert: Both of these holidays had to do with the afterlife and about survival after death. It was a calculated move on the part of the church to bring more people into the fold.

All Saints Day was known then as Hallowmas. Hallow means holy or saintly. So the translation is roughly “mass of the saints.” The night before, October 31^st, was All Hallow’s Eve, which gradually morphed into Halloween.

The holiday came to America with the wave of Irish immigrants during the potato famine of the 1840s. They brought several of their holiday customs with them, including bobbing for apples and playing tricks on neighbours, like removing gates from the fronts of houses.

The young pranksters wore masks so they wouldn’t be recognized. But over the years the tradition of harmless tricks grew into outright vandalism.

Back in the 1930s, it really became a dangerous holiday. I mean there was such hooliganism and vandalism. Trick or treating was originally an extortion deal... Give us candy or we'll trash your house.

Storekeepers and neighbours began giving treats (or bribes) to stop the tricks, and children were encouraged to travel door to door for treats as an alternative to trouble-making. By the late 30s, “trick or treat” became a holiday greeting.